Download. Process that consists of transferring a file from a remote computer to our own computer.

Some graphic editors allow you to work with several layers or levels. The final composition consists of the superimposed view of the various layers.

Lost cluster. Also called a lost file fragment. This is a piece of data that does not belong to any file, according to the operating system's file management system. Therefore, it is not associated with any file name in the FAT. This phenomenon can occur when files are not closed properly, such as when you turn off a computer without first shutting down the system, or when you remove, for example, a floppy disk or CD from your drive when a file has not finished being read or written.

Direct access to other Internet web pages. It is done through an underlined word, an image...

Falling behind. It is used in technology to refer to a delay in communications caused by satellite delays. It occurs commonly in telephony and the Internet.

Local Area Network. Computer networks that communicate over short distances by means of cables. They allow information to be distributed and files to be exchanged among all network users, databases and printers to be shared....

Language pack. A file or group of files, usually downloaded from the Web, that when installed on a software system allows the user to interact with that application in a language other than the language of the original package, including in some cases the necessary fonts and characters, in the case of languages ​​such as Chinese or Japanese, for example.

Very precise and powerful beam of light, with various applications (both in computing and in general): measurement systems, control devices, CD-ROM readers and recorders, laser printers, optical storage systems, etc.

It refers to the last section of a communication line (telephone line or optical cable) that provides service to the user. It is the most expensive.

Hard disk addressing mode that allows access to disk partitions larger than 528 Mbyte.

Liquid Crystal Display. Liquid crystal displays are a feature of portable computers and watches, calculators, cameras and digital videos. This technology has the advantage of allowing thin screens to be designed and consuming little power, although their viewing quality is not high, due to a lack of contrast. There are three systems: TFT, DSTN and STN. Currently, these types of screens are also being developed for desktop computers.

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol refers to an application-level protocol that allows access to an ordered and distributed directory service to search for various information in a network environment. LDAP is also considered a database (although its storage system may be different) that can be queried.

Procedural programming or procedural programming is a programming paradigm. It is often applicable to both low-level and high-level programming languages.

A system for communicating. Written languages use symbols (i.e., characters) to build words. The complete set of words is the vocabulary of the language. The ways in which words can be combined to have some meaning are called the syntax and grammar of the language. The actual meaning of words and their combinations is defined by the semantics of the language. In computing, human languages ​​are known as natural languages. Unfortunately, computers are not so sophisticated as to understand natural languages.

On a web page, a hyperlink that allows direct access to another page. Link, pointer, link. Image or highlighted text, using underlining or color, that leads to another section of the document or another web page.

Free operating system for personal computers derived from Unix. It was developed by Linus Torvald. Freely distributed version of the UNIX operating system which has all the features you would expect from a modern, flexible UNIX. It includes multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, address and memory management, and TCP/IP.

A record of all hits a server has received in a given period of time which can be used by external auditors to record site usage.

List Server. A program that allows the creation and distribution of mailing lists so that communication with the program is via email. The advantage of Listserv over Majordomo is that knowing the name of a Listserv server makes it possible to obtain a copy of all the mailing lists in the world. Communication with Listserv is based on sending the desired instruction in the body of the message (not in the subject). The best-known server is listsevt@ listserv.net

User identification name in an online system.

Name or identifier of a user of a remote system on a network. Connection. Entry into a network. Security process that requires a user to identify himself with a name (user-ID) and a password in order to access a computer or a resource. Access key assigned to a user so that he can use the resources of a computer. The login defines the user and identifies him on the Internet along with the electronic address of the computer he uses.

Medium-sized directory http://www. looksmart.com

It is common to see in web page “demos” before being filled with real content, a text that begins with “Lorem ip-sum”. It is simply a text in Latin that began to be used for this purpose since the 1500s; it crossed the digital barrier and continues to be used; it is preferred instead of writing “Text Here” for example because it has a good distribution of letters.

Line Print Terminal. Connection between a personal computer and a printer or other device. It is a parallel port and is faster than a serial port.

Text-based Web browser, not allowing viewing of images. Still widely used by those browsing from UNIX workstations. Text-based browser of the WWW, developed by the University of Kansas, in the public domain for noncommercial use. Usually found on Linux.

LAN is a computer network that covers an area limited to a home.

Local Area Network. LAN. It is a connection between several nearby computers that facilitates the exchange of information between them and the sharing of some peripherals.

Each of the locations in a computer's memory can store a byte.

Images (such as a map) that show differentiated areas and each of these areas has a specific hyperlink.

Importing an object or data from another program. The ability to import data is very important in software applications because it means that one application can complement another. Many programs, for example, are designed to be able to import graphics in various formats.

It is a computer program oriented to word processing. It was created by the Microsoft company, and comes integrated by default in the office suite called Microsoft Office

MIDI-based sound format. Its files occupy little size but the sound quality is low.

Mailing List. A list of electronic addresses used to distribute messages to a group of people and is generally used to discuss a certain topic. A mailing list may be open or closed and may or may not have a moderator. If it is open, it means that anyone can subscribe to it; if it has a moderator, messages sent to the list by any subscriber first go through the moderator, who will decide whether or not to distribute them to the other subscribers.

Series of computers from Apple Computer. It should be noted that its operating system, which came installed on the computer's hardware, was the first fully graphical and window-based.

Media Access Control. It is an address that is usually composed of numbers and letters assigned to the computers that form part of a network, which is unique and identifies its place within the network. The IEEE committee assigns address blocks to network card manufacturers. This way it is ensured that there are no two network cards with the same Mac address.

Macintosh. Acronym in English for Message Authentication Code, translated as “message authentication code”, a computer code that is used to ensure the authenticity of a message.

Operating system developed since around 1984 by Apple for the Macintosh.

Automation of certain tasks by recording the process (using specific codes for each program) and assigning a key combination to it.

MilliAmpere per Hour. Unit used to measure the electric current generating capacity of a battery, the number being higher for batteries with higher capacities.

Program in a UNIX environment for editing, reading, and responding to emails.

Mailing list. A collection of names and addresses used by an individual or organization to send material to multiple recipients.

Mailing list manager program similar to Listserv which, in list servers, is responsible for automatically performing management functions such as adding and removing subscribers to the list.

Any program whose intent is to cause damage to computers, systems or networks and by extension to their users.

Metropolitan Area Network: A data network designed for a city. In terms of geographic scope, MANs are much larger than LANs (Local Area Networks), but smaller than WANs (Wide Area Networks). They are typically characterized by very high connection speeds using fiber optic cables or other digital media.

In drawing programs, it consists of fixing the area of ​​the image in which you want to work, so that its modifications do not alter the rest of the drawing.

Table showing the status of the various memory areas of a computer (screen memory, available memory, etc.)

On computers that have multiple disks, the master disk is the main disk, where the computer will look for the operating system when it is connected. The secondary disks are called slaves.

Traditional printing technology that uses a mechanical impact system on a ribbon filled with ink, using a process similar to that of typewriters.

In graphical windowing environments, such as Windows or Mac OS X, for example, we say maximize to refer to expanding a window to its maximum size.

A virtual network "on top" of the Internet that supports routing of IP multicast packets, which are used for multimedia transmissions. It is publicly accessible. The video quality is 3-5 frames per second (versus 30 frames per second for conventional television). Its advantage is that it avoids almost all of the high costs associated with teleconferencing.

Megabits per Second. Unit of measurement of the transmission capacity of a telecommunications line where each megabit is made up of 1,048,576 bits.

Multipoint Control Unit. This is a video conferencing device that allows more than three video conferencing units to connect to each other, to form a multi-group video conferencing session.

Approximately 1 million bits. (1,048,576 bits).

MB. Unit of measurement of memory or storage. 1 megabyte = 1024 kilobytes =1,048,576 bytes

MHz One million Hertz. Unit of frequency used to measure the processing speed of microprocessors.

The place where the computer stores the programs and data that it is using. Computers can only immediately process the information that they have in their memory. Therefore, when we want to run a program, we have to load (store) it in memory first.

Set of options that a program makes available to the user. The most common are drop-down menus, which display a series of options in flags, and window menus.

Microsoft's instant messaging program to communicate with your contacts when they are online. It allows you to send messages and files, chat by text or voice, video, etc.

Instant messaging program from Microsoft.

They are invisible to the user, but they tell search engines some details about the web page where they are located. There are several meta-tags, among them the most used: “keyword”, where you can list different keywords that have to do with the website; “description”, where the content of the web page is described in summary. They do not have the same importance for search engines as before (the 90s), but they are still used.

Unit of frequency that equivalent to one million cycles per second.

DIP. Small switches used to configure printers to adapt them to the characteristics of computers.

Founded in 1975 by Bill Gates, among others. Responsible for the Windows XP and Vista operating systems, the Office group of programs (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), Active X controls, the Internet Explorer browser, among many other programs. www.microsoft. com

It is a Microsoft software for creating and managing databases.

Family of software distributions for PCs, Smartphones, servers and embedded systems, developed and sold by Microsoft and available for multiple architectures, such as x86 and ARM.

(Short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface). It is a technological standard that describes a protocol, a digital interface, and connectors that allow various electronic musical instruments, computers, and other related devices to connect and communicate with each other.

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions or MIME are a series of conventions or specifications aimed at exchanging all types of files (text, audio, video, etc.) over the Internet in a transparent manner for the user.

It is the multimedia messaging service

The name MIPS (Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) refers to a whole family of microprocessors with RISC architecture developed by MIPS Technologies.

MIRC is an IRC client, the most widely used for Microsoft Windows platforms. Its author is Khaled MardamBey. mIRC is a shareware licensed software and its evaluation period is 30 days.

Mirror. To refer to an ftp, hard drive, web page or any other resource whose content is an exact copy of another. These mirrors are automatic and at a certain frequency, they try to have an exact copy of the place they mirror.

Duplication of data for backup purposes or to distribute network traffic among multiple computers with the same data.

Mirror site. A website copied to another server for the purpose of facilitating access to its content from the closest or most convenient location for the user.

Word that comes from the fusion of the words modulator/ demodulator. The modem connects a computer with the telephone line, allowing it to access telematic networks and communicate with other computers.

Microcom Network Protocol 5. Data compression protocol that can improve data link via modem by up to 200%.

Microsoft Network, Microsoft's online service. It competes with others, such as America Online, by offering free e-mail, groups and many other services.

An add-on module for the Apache web server software; modperl makes it possible to use the Perl language to add new features to an Apache server and also increases the speed of applications written in Perl to be up to 30 times faster.

The monitor or screen is an output device that shows the results of the computer's processing, usually in graphic form. There are LCD and CRT monitors.

Video format. These are Quicktime video files.

It was the first browser for the Macintosh, UNIX and Windows environments developed by the NCSA

Motherboard.

Mouse. It is a pointing device used to facilitate the handling of a graphical environment on a computer. It is generally made of plastic, and is used with one hand.

A compressed digital recording and audio playback method that allows for good sound quality. MP3 files can be downloaded from many Internet sites.

Moving Pictures Experts Group. Digital video system with good compression and quality. Video files with this format have the extension MPG. Certain software and/or hardware are required for browsers to be able to interpret them (the Div-X codec is required to play the MPEGF-4 format).

Video and graphics compression algorithm, based on MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and Apple QuickTime technology. MPEG-4 wavelet-based files are smaller than JPEG or QuickTime, so they are used to transmit video and images with less bandwidth. They can mix video with text, graphics, and 2D and 3D animation layers. The MPEG-4 format was standardized in October 1998 in document ISO/IEC #14496, and is used by the iPod video.

Most Recently Used. Most Recently Used. In computing, a term referring to the list of programs or documents that were last accessed on a computer.

Microsoft, Disk Operating Sys-tem. Operating system that was born with the PC and that has contributed to the expansion of computing. It has currently been replaced by Windows and graphical interface operating systems. DOS operating system, from Microsoft. Its environment is text-based, console-type, and not graphical. It continues to be an important part of Windows graphical operating systems.

Message Transport Agent. Programs that are responsible for distributing messages generated in the system, such as sendmail and qmail, popularly used in Unix/Lonux.

Technique for transmitting data over the Internet that consists of sending information packets from one point to several recipients simultaneously.

Method of broadcasting live information that allows it to be received by multiple nodes in the network.

Digitized information that combines text, graphics, video, and audio. Integrated assembly and presentation of text, images, sound, animation, and video on a computer. Due to storage demands Performing more than one program or task at the same time on the computer. Multitasking operating systems include: OS/2 and Unix.

Multi-Touch technology has revolutionized the way you interact with applications from a touchpad, iPhone or iPod. This technology allows you to execute commands to the terminal software using gestures on the screen or touchpad with several fingers at the same time.

The word multi-user refers to a concept in operating systems, but can sometimes also be applied to other types of computer programs (e.g. database applications) and even to computing systems. Multi-user is generally the characteristic of an operating system or program that allows it to provide service and processing to multiple users simultaneously.

MySQL is a relational database management system developed under a dual license: General Public License/ Commercial License by Oracle Corporation and is considered the database.

It is the main printed circuit board where the other elements that make up the computer are connected, such as graphic cards, sound cards, memory, hard drives, etc. It is the board where the main elements of the computer are connected. Microprocessor, memory, peripheral controllers, etc.

Mouse. A small electronic device that can be operated by hand and that can be used to give instructions to the computer to carry out a specific action.

Mail server. Server that distributes outgoing email messages and stores incoming email messages until the recipient user reads them. Computer that runs an email management program, such as Sendmail, Qmail, and Microsoft Exchange.

Wireless telephone systems. We can identify three generations: the initial one (which only offered conventional telephone functions), GSM (which allows text connections to the Internet, access to email, etc.) and UMTS (which is yet to come, and will allow video communications and graphic access to the Internet).