Plastic plate with metal connectors on which the chips are mounted.

Method used to transfer data over the Internet. These are divided into small packets that contain the source and destination addresses. The packets travel, sometimes by different routes, to their destination, where they are reunited.

Password. Secret word that allows access to encoded services or information to a particular Computer Glossary client. Code used to access a restricted system. They can contain alphanumeric characters and even some other symbols. It is highlighted that the password is not visible on the screen when it is typed in order that it can only be known by the user.

Permanent or stored cookies. These are cookies that are stored on the user's hard drive until they expire (they have expiration dates) or until the user deletes them manually. Persistent cookies are used to collect identifying information about the user, such as browsing behavior or various preferences on a website.

It refers to those programs that can be used freely.

Any device that is connected to the computer. They can be external (keyboard, monitor, mouse, printer, speakers, scanner...) or internal (CD-ROM reader, floppy disk drives, internal modem...).

It is the exact number of times a specific website was accessed or viewed by a user. A page impression acts as a counter for web pages, telling the site owner how many times their sites were visited. Page impressions are also known as hits.

Set of rules of formality that govern diplomatic and official acts and ceremonies.

Peripheral device that transfers information from a computer to a physical medium, which is usually paper. Peripheral device that allows the printing on paper of information (graphics, text, images, etc.) obtained on the screen or managed by computer systems.

Languages ​​that are intelligible to computer systems and that allow computer applications to be developed. A programming language is a formal language designed to express processes that can be carried out by machines such as computers.

General-purpose microcomputers that, due to their high performance, small size and low price, have been introduced in almost all companies and in a large number of private homes.

Peer-to-Peer. Exclusive bilateral communication between two people over the Internet for the exchange of information in general and files in particular (e.g., BitTorrent, eMule).

Commonly called PR, it is a numerical value that represents the importance that a web page has on the Internet for Google.

Palm of the hand. Small computer that is controlled without a keyboard, by means of a touch screen and in addition to other functions, allows connection to the Internet.

First company dedicated to Internet development in the Republic of Panama.

Password Authentication Protocol. Password Authentication Protocol. Protocol that allows the system to verify the identity of the other point of connection using a password.

A packet is a piece of information sent over a network. It is the unit of data sent over a network which is made up of a set of bits that travel together. On the Internet, transmitted information is divided into packets that are regrouped to be received at their destination. See also packet switching.

Section of main memory or storage space that is reserved for a particular use.

Divide memory or storage space into isolated sections. On DOS systems, you can partition a disk, and each partition will behave as an independent disk drive. Using partitions is particularly useful if you use more than one operating system. For example, you could reserve one partition for using Windows and another for UNIX.

Subdivisions that are sometimes made on the hard disk, which for the computer is fragmented into several units.

Password that may be necessary to access a computer service or application.

Patch. Modification of an executable program to fix a problem or to change its behavior

Description of the exact location of a file within the disk's folder structure.

+Web-based application for the secure transfer of funds between member accounts. Accounts are free and there is no cost to send money, but the recipient of the money must pay a fee to PayPal. PayPal was founded by Max Levchin and Peter Theil in 1998, and was purchased by eBay in 2002.

Personal Computer: personal computer. The registered name given by IBM in 1981 to what would become the standard for consumer computing; by extension, any compatible computer of another brand based on similar principles, using an Intel or compatible microprocessor.

Bus architecture of the motherboard of computers (previously, VESA, ISA, etc. architectures were used, with lower performance). It is a type of 32-bit slot or expansion slot capable of offering up to 132 MB/s at 33 MHz.

Personal Computer Memory Card International Association. A system of cards for laptops that allows integrating memory extensions and various peripherals: modems, hard drives, communication cards...

Personal Digital Assistant. Personal Digital Assistant. Intermediate system between electronic diary and laptop. The most advanced models have versions compatible with Word, Excel, Outlook... And some even incorporate mobile phone functions.

Personal Digital Cellular. Personal Digital Cellular. Japanese standard for digital mobile telephony in the 800 MHz and 1500 MHz bands.

Portable Document Format. Portable Document Format. PC and MAC compatible format, for storing textual and graphical information. It is a graphical format created by the Adobe company which reproduces any type of document in an identical digital form, facsimile, thus allowing the electronic distribution of the same through the network in the form of PDF files. The free program Acrobat Reader, from Adobe, allows the viewing of the same.

Paste. Copy an object from a buffer (or clipboard) to a file. In word processing, blocks of text are moved from one place to another by cutting and pasting. When a block of text is cut, the word processor removes the block from the file and places it in a temporary area (a buffer). The material can then be pasted from the buffer elsewhere. Modern operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows, allow the user to cut an object in one application and paste it into another. Depending on how the object is pasted, it may be embedded or linked.

64-bit microprocessor, successor of the 80468 chip, from the Intel company. It was called that because the American court did not accept 586 or 80586 as a registered trademark. It was launched in 1993. Over the years, Pentium has evolved into P1, P2, P3 and P4, P4EE.

It is currently the most powerful of the microprocessors from the Intel company.

Element through which the computer communicates with the outside. Through a peripheral it receives programs and data, presents the results obtained, stores information on permanent media (non-volatile) and communicates with other computers. They are electronic devices or equipment, (such as monitors, printers, keyboards, scanners, etc.), additional to a computer (made up of main memory and CPU); it is usually used to define the elements that are connected externally to a computer port.

Practical Extraction and Report Language. A programming language widely used for the development of CGI applications, mainly for making queries to databases such as Oracle, SQL-Server, SyBase, etc., or to local tools such as WAIS. Perl is a language for manipulating texts, files, and processes, and provides an easy and readable way to perform work that would normally be done in C or a Shell. Perl was born and has spread under the UNIX operating system, although it exists for other platforms. Perl was developed by Larry Wall, and is distributed freely under the GNU philosophy.

Unit of measurement of storage capacity that is equal to 250 (1,125,899,906,842,624) bytes. One petabyte is equal to 1024 terabytes.

Pretty Good Privacy. Pretty Good Privacy. A well-known freeware program, written by Phil Zimmermann, which prevents, through cryptography techniques, files and email messages from being read by others. Its purpose is to protect information distributed over the Internet through the use of public key cryptography, as well as to facilitate the authentication of documents thanks to digital signatures.

The act of exploiting a vulnerability in a DNS server's software, which allows a person to "take over" a website's domain, for example, and redirect traffic to another site.

Fraudulent communications designed to trick consumers into disclosing personal, financial, or account information, including usernames and passwords, credit card information, and more. Email is commonly used as a phishing tool because of its low cost, increased anonymity for the sender, the ability to instantly reach a large group of users, and the potential to request an immediate response. However, scammers have also used pop-up windows, direct mail, and phone calls.

Program made by Adobe for the design and management of graphics.

Hypertext Preprocessor. Scripting language designed for creating active web pages (similar to Microsoft's “.asp”), very popular on Linux, although there is also a version for Microsoft systems. http:// www.php.net

A person who hacks into other people's telephone networks to avoid paying for long-distance calls. With voice over IP (VoIP), among other technologies, this practice should be a thing of the past. It is cheaper to use the Internet.

Free software from Google for organizing and sharing digital photos.

Web Content Rating Format. PICS is not itself a content rating system because it can be used to rate, for example, the download speed of a website or the morality of its content.

Program for Internet News & Email. Popular email and Usenet client for Unix (Linux, Free-BSD, etc.) and Windows. It does not offer a graphical interface, only a text-based one, so it is fast. It has intuitive and easy-to-use menus, making it an efficient email organizer. It was developed at the University of Washington (http:// www.was-hington.edu/ pine/) in 1989, and has been evolving without losing its appeal.

Packet Internet Groper. This command is used to check if a certain network interface, on our computer or another, is active. What it is actually doing is sending packets to where it is indicated and tells us how long the packet took to go and return, among other information. Among its most common uses: resolving the host name to know its IP or simply verifying if a machine is on.

Personal Identification Number. Personal Identification Number. It is a numeric password.

Advertising format which consists of a floating window displayed on the screen, over the page visited, which must be clicked on somewhere on the page. The excessive use of "pop-ups" has created a niche in the market, with the launch of "Pop-Up Stoppers" programs, which allow the user to choose which ones to open and which not.

It is the smallest unit with which images are formed. Basic unit of graphic information. Each of the points that form an image on a computer screen. Each pixel of a color image is made up of three color sectors: red, blue and green.

A set of dots (pixels) that make up the screen or a specific image. An image is "pixelated" when it has a mosaic appearance.

Email protocol whereby messages received in a user's mailbox are deleted from the server once the user checks the email.

Point of presence. Dial-up number that client computers use to connect to their Internet service provider at local rates.

The iPod is linked to “Broadcast”. Basically, it is a broadcast, for example of news, that can be watched and listened to whenever the user wants on his iPod, and depending on the iPod model, it can display video.

Portable Network Graphics. New image format that combines the best properties of JPG and GIF. Not all browsers support it yet.

Programs that must be installed on client computers so that their browsers can recognize and process certain file types (Flash, Director, Real Audio, etc.). Programs that are added to a WWW browser and perform certain functions. They produce the display of multimedia files and support non-standard graphic files with the viewer.

Plug and Play. This is a method by which the computer automatically recognizes a newly inserted device. It is a feature of a PC's operating system in order to recognize the hardware devices connected to it and to put them into operation quickly and easily. This capability became popular after the appearance of Microsoft's Windows 95 operating system, which included it.

Program that allows easy management of emails and web pages among other things.

Power Line Communications. Internet connection system that uses low-intensity electrical networks (domestic, offices) to offer, with a PLC modem, Internet services reaching speeds of up to 45 Mbps. It offers high speed and can bring Internet to remote locations that already have electricity.

Public Key Infrastructure. Cryptographic procedure that uses two keys, one public and one private; the first one for encryption and the second one for decryption. It is used on the Internet, which is an unsecured public network, to protect those communications whose confidentiality is to be guaranteed (for example, commercial or banking transactions).

Printer

A web page with which a user begins his/her navigation through the WWW. A portal does not necessarily have to be a web page with news services, free emails, forums, etc. If someone decides to use a web page to begin his/her navigation, then that page is a portal. An example of a portal par excellence is Google, MSN or Yahoo.

Portable Operating System Interface. Refers to UNIX. It is a group of standards that came out of the UNIX operating system, which have to do with the area of ​​programming and development.

Mail Administrator. The person responsible for solving email problems, answering questions about users, and other issues related to a particular installation.

Page description language (PDL) developed by Adobe Systems. PostScript is primarily a language for printing documents on laser printers, but can be adopted to produce images on other types of devices.

Point to Point Protocol. Point-to-point transmission protocol. It is the most reliable and widely used protocol for direct connection to the Internet. It uses TCP/IP to establish the connection through a modem.

A set of instructions written in a programming language that computers interpret and help users perform specific tasks.

In computing, a resident module or resident program is one that remains in memory as long as the computer is turned on. A program of this type may be an antivirus. This property is the origin of the term resident protection.

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link layer protocol used to establish a direct connection between two nodes in a network.

It is the character or set of characters that are displayed on a command line to indicate that it is waiting for orders. This can vary depending on the command interpreter and is usually configurable.

A proxy, or proxy server, in a computer network, is a server —program or device— that acts as an intermediary in the requests for resources made by a client (A) to another server (C).

Parallel port. It is an interface between a computer and a peripheral. The parallel port transmits information byte by byte, that is, the 8 bits of data that make up a byte travel together. An example of a parallel port is the printer port.

In computing, a port is a generic term for an interface through which different types of data can be sent and received. Such an interface may be physical, or it may be at the software level, in which case the term logical port is frequently used.

The PS/2 connector or PS/2 port takes its name from the IBM Personal System/2 series of computers created by IBM in 1987, and used to connect keyboards and mice.

Systems that forward received packets to another network, without allowing direct traffic between them, are sometimes used instead of routers. Some include logging and auditing facilities, as well as authentication. They may implement security rules, such as allowing incoming FTP connections but not outgoing ones.

Hybrid machine between a computer and an ATM that is found in many commercial establishments. It reads bar codes, can be connected to the warehouse for stock control and works as a payment terminal connected to a central computer.

A small program located between the network card and the TCP program so that it provides a standard interface that programs can use as if it were a disk drive.

Element of a computer's motherboard where the microprocessor, memory and other chips are inserted.

Known as a qubit, it is designed to interoperate with different wireless communication systems, such as GPRS, and security, as well as the extensibility to accommodate future upgrades in technology - such as developing protocols and new generations of wireless data connectors.

The name given to the most commonly used keyboard type today. The name comes from the way the letters and characters are arranged. The keys in the top row below the numbers form the word QWERTY when read from left to right.

It is the first webcam to be commercialized on a mass scale, produced by Connectix in the mid-90s, a company that was bought by Logitech in 1998.

It is a “queue” of packets waiting to be processed.

One of the most widely used self-publishing programs today.

Popular program used generally in Linux environments, to manage emails from a server. It competes with Send mail

Popular video format which can display movies, sound, and surround panoramas so that objects can rotate on the screen.